zitadel/apps/docs/content/guides/integrate/login-ui/device-auth.mdx

---
title: Device Authorization Grant in Custom Login UI
description: "Implement the OAuth 2.0 Device Authorization Grant in your custom login UI for browserless devices."
sidebar_label: Device Authorization
---

In case one of your applications requires the [OAuth2 Device Authorization Grant](/guides/integrate/login/oidc/device-authorization) this guide will show you how to implement
this in your application as well as the custom login UI.

The following flow shows you the different components you need to enable OAuth2 Device Authorization Grant for your login.
![](../../../../public/img/guides/login-ui/device-auth-flow.png)

1. Your application makes a device authorization request to your login UI
2. The login UI proxies the request to ZITADEL.
3. ZITADEL parses the request and does what it needs to interpret certain parameters (e.g., organization scope, etc.)
4. ZITADEL returns the device authorization response
5. Your application presents the `user_code` and `verification_uri` or maybe even renders a QR code with the `verification_uri_complete` for the user to scan
6. Your application starts a polling mechanism to check if the user has approved the device authorization request on the token endpoint
7. When the user opens the browser at the verification_uri, he can enter the user_code, or it's automatically filled in, if they scan the QR code
8. Request the device authorization request from the ZITADEL API using the user_code
9. Your login UI allows to approve or deny the device request
10. In case they approved, authenticate the user in your login UI by creating and updating a session with all the checks you need.
11. Inform ZITADEL about the decision:
    1. Authorize the device authorization request by sending the session and the previously retrieved id of the device authorization request to the ZITADEL API
    2. In case they denied, deny the device authorization from the ZITADEL API using the previously retrieved id of the device authorization request
12. Notify the user that they can close the window now and return to the application.
13. Your applications request to the token endpoint now receives the tokens or an error if the user denied the request.

## Example

Let's assume you host your login UI on the following URL:
```
https://login.example.com
```

## Device Authorization Request

A user opens your application and is unauthenticated, the application will create the following request:
```http
POST /oauth/v2/device_authorization HTTP/1.1
Host: login.example.com
Content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded

client_id=170086824411201793&
scope=openid%20email%20profile
```

The request includes all the relevant information for the OAuth2 Device Authorization Grant and in this example we also have some scopes for the user.

You now have to proxy the auth request from your own UI to the device authorization Endpoint of ZITADEL.
For more information, see [OIDC Proxy](./login-app#oidc-proxy) for the necessary headers.

<Callout>
The version and the optional custom URI for the available login UI is configurable under the application settings.
</Callout>

The endpoint will return the device authorization response:
```json
{
  "device_code": "0jbAZbU3ClK-Mkt0li4U1A",
  "user_code": "FWRK-JGWK",
  "verification_uri": "https://login.example.com/device",
  "verification_uri_complete": "https://login.example.com/device?user_code=FWRK-JGWK",
  "expires_in": 300,
  "interval": 5
}
```

The device presents the `user_code` and `verification_uri` or maybe even render a QR code with the `verification_uri_complete` for the user to scan.

Your login will have to provide a page on the `verification_uri` where the user can enter the `user_code`, or it's automatically filled in, if they scan the QR code.

### Get the Device Authorization Request by User Code

With the user_code entered by the user you will now be able to get the information of the device authorization request.
[Get Device Authorization Request Documentation](/reference/api/oidc/zitadel.oidc.v2.OIDCService.GetDeviceAuthorizationRequest)

```bash
curl --request GET \
  --url https://${CUSTOM_DOMAIN}/v2/oidc/device_authorization/FWRK-JGWK \
  --header 'Authorization: Bearer '"$TOKEN"''
```

Response Example:

```json
{
  "deviceAuthorizationRequest": {
    "id": "XzNejv6NxqVU8Qur5uxEh7f_Wi1p0qUu4PJTJ6JUIx0xtJ2uqmU",
    "clientId": "170086824411201793",
    "scope": [
      "openid",
      "profile"
    ],
    "appName": "TV App",
    "projectName": "My Project"
  }
}
```

Present the user with the information of the device authorization request and allow them to approve or deny the request.

### Perform Login

After you have initialized the OIDC flow you can implement the login.
Implement all the steps you like the user the go trough by [creating](/reference/api/session/zitadel.session.v2.SessionService.CreateSession) and [updating](/reference/api/session/zitadel.session.v2.SessionService.SetSession) the user-session.

Read the following resources for more information about the different checks:
- [Username and Password](./username-password)
- [External Identity Provider](./external-login)
- [Passkeys](./passkey)
- [Multi-Factor](./mfa)

### Authorize the Device Authorization Request

To finalize the auth request and connect an existing user session with it, you have to update the auth request with the session token.
On the create and update user session request you will always get a session token in the response.

The latest session token has to be sent to the following request:

Read more about the [Authorize or Deny Device Authorization Request Documentation](/reference/api/oidc/zitadel.oidc.v2.OIDCService.AuthorizeOrDenyDeviceAuthorization)

Make sure that the authorization header is from an account which is permitted to finalize the Auth Request through the `IAM_LOGIN_CLIENT` role.
```bash
curl --request POST \
  --url ${CUSTOM_DOMAIN}/v2/oidc/device_authorization/XzNejv6NxqVU8Qur5uxEh7f_Wi1p0qUu4PJTJ6JUIx0xtJ2uqmU \
  --header 'Accept: application/json' \
  --header 'Authorization: Bearer '"$TOKEN"''\
  --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  --data '{
  "session": {
    "sessionId": "225307381909694508",
    "sessionToken": "7N5kQCvC4jIf2OuBjwfyWSX2FUKbQqg4iG3uWT-TBngMhlS9miGUwpyUaN0HJ8OcbSzk4QHZy_Bvvv"
  }
}'
```

If you don't get any error back, the request succeeded, and you can notify the user that they can close the window now and return to the application.

### Deny the Device Authorization Request

If the user denies the device authorization request, you can deny the request by sending the following request:

```bash
curl --request POST \
  --url ${CUSTOM_DOMAIN}/v2/oidc/device_authorization/ \
  --header 'Accept: application/json' \
  --header 'Authorization: Bearer '"$TOKEN"''\
  --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  --data '{
  "deny": {}
}'
```

If you don't get any error back, the request succeeded, and you can notify the user that they can close the window now and return to the application.

### Device Authorization Endpoints

All OAuth2 Device Authorization Grant endpoints are provided by ZITADEL. In your login UI you just have to proxy them through and send them directly to the backend.

These endpoints are:
- Well-known
- Device Authorization Endpoint
- Token

Additionally, we recommend you to proxy all the other [OIDC relevant endpoints](./oidc-standard#oidc-endpoints).