feat(action v2): add JWT and JWE payload type options (#11196)

# Which Problems Are Solved

The payload in actions V2 is currently sent as JSON to the target
endpoint. It might get exposed to intermediary infrastructure or logging
systems.
For these scenarios there needs to be an application-layer encryption,
where the provider of the endpoint can define an key to be used for the
encryption.

# How the Problems Are Solved

- Added an additional option to the target to specify the payload type:
`JSON` (current and default), `JWT`, `JWE` (api and console)
- added endpoints to upload and manage public keys (to be used for
encryption) for a target
- updated all action v2 executions (interceptors, oidc, saml, ...) to
provide the `GetActiveSigningWebKey` from queries
- implemented jwt and jwe in the exections incl. refactoring of code and
tests
- changes to the authn_keys table:
  - added a `fingerprint` column
  - dropped not null constraint on expiration
- moved the `GetSignerOnce` into its own package to prevent circular
dependencies

# Additional Changes

None

# Additional Context

closes #11061

---------

Co-authored-by: Marco A. <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: conblem <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Silvan <[email protected]>

internal/execution/worker.go

@@ -18,9 +18,10 @@ type Worker struct {
 	river.WorkerDefaults[*exec_repo.Request]
 
 	config WorkerConfig
-	now    nowFunc
+	now    NowFunc
 
-	targetEncAlg crypto.EncryptionAlgorithm
+	targetEncAlg     crypto.EncryptionAlgorithm
+	activeSigningKey GetActiveSigningWebKey
 }
 
 // Timeout implements the Timeout-function of [river.Worker].
@@ -45,7 +46,7 @@ func (w *Worker) Work(ctx context.Context, job *river.Job[*exec_repo.Request]) e
 		return river.JobCancel(fmt.Errorf("unable to unmarshal targets because %w", err))
 	}
 
-	_, err = CallTargets(ctx, targets, exec_repo.ContextInfoFromRequest(job.Args), w.targetEncAlg)
+	_, err = CallTargets(ctx, targets, exec_repo.ContextInfoFromRequest(job.Args), w.targetEncAlg, w.activeSigningKey)
 	if err != nil {
 		// If there is an error returned from the targets, it means that the execution was interrupted
 		return river.JobCancel(fmt.Errorf("interruption during call of targets because %w", err))
@@ -53,8 +54,8 @@ func (w *Worker) Work(ctx context.Context, job *river.Job[*exec_repo.Request]) e
 	return nil
 }
 
-// nowFunc makes [time.Now] mockable
-type nowFunc func() time.Time
+// NowFunc makes [time.Now] mockable
+type NowFunc func() time.Time
 
 type WorkerConfig struct {
 	Workers             uint8
@@ -65,11 +66,14 @@ type WorkerConfig struct {
 func NewWorker(
 	config WorkerConfig,
 	targetEncAlg crypto.EncryptionAlgorithm,
+	activeSigningKey GetActiveSigningWebKey,
+	now NowFunc,
 ) *Worker {
 	return &Worker{
-		config:       config,
-		now:          time.Now,
-		targetEncAlg: targetEncAlg,
+		config:           config,
+		now:              now,
+		targetEncAlg:     targetEncAlg,
+		activeSigningKey: activeSigningKey,
 	}
 }