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15 screenshots in the ScriptCTF writeup had empty alt text. Also removed
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content/posts/scriptctf2025/index.md
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@@ -7,14 +7,14 @@ date = 2025-08-18
tags = ["ctf", "rev", "web", "forensics"] tags = ["ctf", "rev", "web", "forensics"]
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![][image1] ![ScriptCTF mascot illustration of a wizard coding at a laptop, with the tagline "scriptCTF makes CTFs fun and approachable for all skill levels!"][image1]
Over the weekend, I participated in ScriptCTF, a capture-the-flag competition packed with diverse challenges spanning cryptography, forensics, reverse engineering, and web exploitation. Over the weekend, I participated in ScriptCTF, a capture-the-flag competition packed with diverse challenges spanning cryptography, forensics, reverse engineering, and web exploitation.
In this write-up, I’ll walk through some of the problems I solved, breaking down my approach, the tools I used, and the reasoning behind each step. Rather than just dropping final answers, my goal is to document the problem-solving process in a way that’s reproducible and useful for others looking to sharpen their cybersecurity skills. In this write-up, I’ll walk through some of the problems I solved, breaking down my approach, the tools I used, and the reasoning behind each step. Rather than just dropping final answers, my goal is to document the problem-solving process in a way that’s reproducible and useful for others looking to sharpen their cybersecurity skills.
# Challenge: Renderer # Challenge: Renderer
![][image2] ![ScriptCTF challenge card for "Renderer" describing the free image-rendering app and its chall.zip attachment][image2]
This is the first web challenge; it launches an instance, and the source code is provided for manual code review. There are three important files: two Jinja templates and a Python file. This is the first web challenge; it launches an instance, and the source code is provided for manual code review. There are three important files: two Jinja templates and a Python file.
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ Here is an innocent-looking SVG
``` ```
And… And…
![][image3] ![Browser alert dialog reading "You are not a developer!" from the failed cookie-theft attempt][image3]
I didn't think that through. I can't make that request without the cookie. Another approach I tried was Local File Inclusion(LFI) using the SVG. Here is another not-so-evil one: I didn't think that through. I can't make that request without the cookie. Another approach I tried was Local File Inclusion(LFI) using the SVG. Here is another not-so-evil one:
```svg ```svg
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ Flag: `scriptCTF{my_c00k135_4r3_n0t_s4f3!_601871f7aad5}`
# Challenge: Div # Challenge: Div
![][image4] ![ScriptCTF challenge card for "Div" with its chall.py attachment and an instance launcher][image4]
Here are the contents of the [chall.py](http://chall.py) Here are the contents of the [chall.py](http://chall.py)
```python ```python
@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@ Infinity represents a number so large that any finite numerator divided by it te
# Challenge: Emoji # Challenge: Emoji
![][image5] ![ScriptCTF challenge card for "emoji" describing the challenge and its out.txt attachment][image5]
Out.txt has some symbols. Out.txt has some symbols.
```txt ```txt
@@ -332,13 +332,13 @@ Flag : `scriptCTF{3m0j1_3nc0d1ng_1s_w31rd_4nd_fun!1e46d}`
# Challenge: Enchant # Challenge: Enchant
![][image6] ![ScriptCTF challenge card for "Enchant" describing the Minecraft enchantment-table glyphs and its enc.txt attachment][image6]
After some Google search, I found out that’s the Standard Galactic Alphabet, the glyphs used by Minecraft’s enchantment table. The enchantment-table glyphs map one-to-one to letters in the Standard Galactic Alphabet (SGA). I used the SGA ↔ Latin mapping to translate each symbol into its English letter at [https://www.dcode.fr/standard-galactic-alphabet](https://www.dcode.fr/standard-galactic-alphabet). The result is MINECRAFTISFUN. After some Google search, I found out that’s the Standard Galactic Alphabet, the glyphs used by Minecraft’s enchantment table. The enchantment-table glyphs map one-to-one to letters in the Standard Galactic Alphabet (SGA). I used the SGA ↔ Latin mapping to translate each symbol into its English letter at [https://www.dcode.fr/standard-galactic-alphabet](https://www.dcode.fr/standard-galactic-alphabet). The result is MINECRAFTISFUN.
Flag: `scriptCTF{MINECRAFTISFUN}` Flag: `scriptCTF{MINECRAFTISFUN}`
Challenge: diskchal Challenge: diskchal
![][image7] ![ScriptCTF challenge card for "diskchal" describing the vanished flag and its stick.img attachment][image7]
This was a forensics challenge; we were given a disk image, probably to recover some files, as the challenge description suggests. This was a forensics challenge; we were given a disk image, probably to recover some files, as the challenge description suggests.
```zsh ```zsh
@@ -419,9 +419,9 @@ Flag: scriptCTF{1_l0v3_m461c_7r1ck5}
# Challenge: pdf # Challenge: pdf
![][image8] ![ScriptCTF challenge card for "pdf" describing the challenge and its challenge.pdf attachment][image8]
Opening the PDF was just a trol Opening the PDF was just a trol
![][image9] ![The challenge PDF's actual content: a mostly blank page reading "thx for comming but no flag here :)"][image9]
Running strings on it made me think I had a quick win. Running strings on it made me think I had a quick win.
```zsh ```zsh
@@ -466,7 +466,7 @@ Flag: `scriptCTF{pdf_s7r34m5_0v3r_7w17ch_5tr34ms}`
# Challenge: Just Some Avocado # Challenge: Just Some Avocado
![][image10] ![ScriptCTF challenge card for "Just Some Avocado" with its avocado.jpg attachment][image10]
This is another forensics challenge; we are given a JPEG file with an image of an avocado. Preliminary investigations reveal some interesting objects. This is another forensics challenge; we are given a JPEG file with an image of an avocado. Preliminary investigations reveal some interesting objects.
@@ -589,11 +589,11 @@ Duration : 4.96 s
``` ```
I opened the file in Sonic Visualizer and applied a spectrogram view. Here is what shows I opened the file in Sonic Visualizer and applied a spectrogram view. Here is what shows
![][image11] ![Sonic Visualizer spectrogram of staticnoise.wav showing partially clipped hidden text resembling "d41"][image11]
It looks like some embedded text, but it's clipped. I redid the same process in Audacity, and this is what it shows. It looks like some embedded text, but it's clipped. I redid the same process in Audacity, and this is what it shows.
![][image12] ![Audacity spectrogram of staticnoise.wav showing more legible hidden text beginning with "d41v3"][image12]
I can make out the first three characters, d41, and the fifth `3`. We can use John's mask mode to generate the possible combinations. I can make out the first three characters, d41, and the fifth `3`. We can use John's mask mode to generate the possible combinations.
@@ -631,7 +631,7 @@ Flag: `scriptCTF{1_l0ve_d41_v3r0n}`
# Challenge: RSA-1 # Challenge: RSA-1
![][image13] ![ScriptCTF challenge card for "RSA-1" describing the broadcast attack scenario and its out.txt attachment][image13]
The attachment out.txt has The attachment out.txt has
@@ -716,7 +716,7 @@ Flag: `scriptCTF{y0u_f0und_mr_yu's_s3cr3t_m3g_12a4e4}`
# Challenge: Secure-Server # Challenge: Secure-Server
![][image14] ![ScriptCTF challenge card for "Secure-Server" describing the double-XOR scheme and its files.zip attachment][image14]
The provided files are a network capture(pcap) and a Python file. The contents of the Python file are The provided files are a network capture(pcap) and a Python file. The contents of the Python file are
@@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ print("Secret received!")
Opening the pcap file in Wireshark, we get some TCP streams that we follow and see. Opening the pcap file in Wireshark, we get some TCP streams that we follow and see.
![][image15] ![Wireshark packet capture with a Follow TCP Stream window showing the encrypted secret exchange][image15]
To decrypt it To decrypt it
content/posts/semantic-version-and-conventional-commits.md
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@@ -31,8 +31,6 @@ Semantic versioning is based on three numbers that indicate the versions of the
#### React(v18.2.0) #### React(v18.2.0)
![react](/images/uploads/react.png 'React versioning')
- **Major -> 18** - **Major -> 18**
- **Minor -> 2** - **Minor -> 2**
- **Patch -> 0** - **Patch -> 0**
@@ -41,8 +39,6 @@ Semantic versioning is based on three numbers that indicate the versions of the
#### Pipx(v1.1.0) #### Pipx(v1.1.0)
![](/images/uploads/pipx.png)
- **Major -> 1** - **Major -> 1**
- **Minor -> 1** - **Minor -> 1**
- **Patch -> 0** - **Patch -> 0**